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SAMD11C14 UPDI Programmer

This page is a memo for how to make SAMD11C14 as an USB-Serial interface and program target board (ATtiny1614 board) over UPDI.

SAMD11C14

Specification

  • 16KB of flash and 4KB of SRAM
  • Up to 48MHz operating frequency
  • Three serial communication modules (SERCOM) configurable as UART/USART, SPI or I2C, two 16-bit timer/counters, 32-bit Real-Time Clock and calendar, 12 PWM channels, one 8- or 10-channel 12-bit ADC, one 10-bit DAC
  • Full Speed USB device
  • Supports 7/12 self-capacitance touch channels in low/high pincount devices
  • Supports 72 mutual-capacitance touch channels
  • 1.62V to 3.63V power supply
  • Easy pin migration to SAMD11C devices
  • Supported by Atmel Studio, ASF and the SAM D11 Xplained Pro kit

Comparing to ATTiny1614, 14-pins micro controller family in AVR-1 series with 16 KB Flash / 2 KB SRAM / running at up to 20 MHz, SAMD11C14 has higher specification.

Pinout

SAMD11C14 pinout

Refs.

Environment

I firstly tried Mac OS 12.0.1 (Monterey). However, the JTAG programmer needs to be setup to Rpi zero in my case. The reason will be followed.

Host computer for burn bootloader

I used Raspberry Pi Zero W for burning bootloader over openocd. 

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$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Raspbian
Description:    Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
Release:    10
Codename:   buster

Host computer for program applicattion

My machine is Macbook pro and make program on Arduino IDE

  • Macbook Pro: Mac OS 12.0.1 Monterey
  • Arduino IDE 1.8.16

Board

USB-D11C-serial board at Fab Academy embedded programming page.

Yuichi@kannai thankfully sent the components and milled circuit board to my home.

USB-D11C-Serial component

Assembled.

USB-D11C-Serial assembled

Burn bootloader

Without burning bootloader, the board is not recognized as a USB device from host computer.

Following past documentation Quentin, I update bootloader to the board overedbg.

edbg is a command line utility for programming ARM-based MCUs through CMSIS-DAP SWD interface. It works on Linux, Mac OS X and Windows.

Setup edbg (DID NOT work for my Pi Zero)

  1. Install dependency

    below is for mac. 

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    brew update
brew install libhid hidapi

  2. Clone source code and make

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    git clone git@github.com:ataradov/edbg.git
cd edbg
make all

# Run the command
./edbg -help
CMSIS-DAP SWD programmer. Built Nov 26 2021 18:41:09.

Raspberry Pi Zero as a JTAG programmer

As of 26 Nov 2021: Now that I found I do not have JTAG programmer device. I need something like this?, or make substitute programmer by Raspberry Pi like this example. I decided to try raspberry Pi Zero as a JTAG programmer as I have Pi zero.

Install and compile Open OCD

After connecting Raspberry Pi over SSH, install dependent libraries. 

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$sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install git autoconf libtool make pkg-config libusb-1.0-0 libusb-1.0-0-dev

Download the latest source code for OpenOCD with

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$ git clone http://openocd.zylin.com/openocd

Run boot strapper by: 

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$ cd openocd
$ ./bootstratp

Enable bcm2835gpio

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$ ./configure --enable-sysfsgpio --enable-bcm2835gpio

# Then I had
...
OpenOCD configuration summary
--------------------------------------------------
MPSSE mode of FTDI based devices        yes (auto)
ST-Link Programmer                      yes (auto)
TI ICDI JTAG Programmer                 yes (auto)
Keil ULINK JTAG Programmer              yes (auto)
Altera USB-Blaster II Compatible        yes (auto)
Bitbang mode of FT232R based devices    yes (auto)
Versaloon-Link JTAG Programmer          yes (auto)
TI XDS110 Debug Probe                   yes (auto)
CMSIS-DAP v2 Compliant Debugger         yes (auto)
OSBDM (JTAG only) Programmer            yes (auto)
eStick/opendous JTAG Programmer         yes (auto)
Olimex ARM-JTAG-EW Programmer           yes (auto)
Raisonance RLink JTAG Programmer        yes (auto)
USBProg JTAG Programmer                 yes (auto)
Andes JTAG Programmer                   yes (auto)
CMSIS-DAP Compliant Debugger            no
Nu-Link Programmer                      no
Cypress KitProg Programmer              no
Altera USB-Blaster Compatible           no
ASIX Presto Adapter                     no
OpenJTAG Adapter                        no
Linux GPIO bitbang through libgpiod     no
SEGGER J-Link Programmer                yes (auto)
Bus Pirate                              yes (auto)
Use Capstone disassembly framework      no

Check Pinout

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$ sudo apt install python3-gpiozero 
$ pinout
.-------------------------.
| oooooooooooooooooooo J8 |
| 1ooooooooooooooooooo   |c
---+       +---+ PiZero W|s
 sd|       |SoC|   V1.1  |i
---+|hdmi| +---+  usb pwr |
`---|    |--------| |-| |-'

Revision           : 9000c1
SoC                : BCM2835
RAM                : 512Mb
Storage            : MicroSD
USB ports          : 1 (excluding power)
Ethernet ports     : 0
Wi-fi              : True
Bluetooth          : True
Camera ports (CSI) : 1
Display ports (DSI): 0

J8:
   3V3  (1) (2)  5V    
 GPIO2  (3) (4)  5V    
 GPIO3  (5) (6)  GND   
 GPIO4  (7) (8)  GPIO14
   GND  (9) (10) GPIO15
GPIO17 (11) (12) GPIO18
GPIO27 (13) (14) GND   
GPIO22 (15) (16) GPIO23
   3V3 (17) (18) GPIO24
GPIO10 (19) (20) GND   
 GPIO9 (21) (22) GPIO25
GPIO11 (23) (24) GPIO8 
   GND (25) (26) GPIO7 
 GPIO0 (27) (28) GPIO1 
 GPIO5 (29) (30) GND   
 GPIO6 (31) (32) GPIO12
GPIO13 (33) (34) GND   
GPIO19 (35) (36) GPIO16
GPIO26 (37) (38) GPIO20
   GND (39) (40) GPIO21

For further information, please refer to https://pinout.xyz/

Compile OpenOCD

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$ make
This took around 30 minutes for my Pi zero.

Install OpenOCD

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$ sudo make install

After installation, you can see all available interface in: 

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$ ls /usr/local/share/openocd/scripts/interface
altera-usb-blaster2.cfg  nulink.cfg
altera-usb-blaster.cfg   opendous.cfg
arm-jtag-ew.cfg          openjtag.cfg
at91rm9200.cfg           osbdm.cfg
buspirate.cfg            parport.cfg
calao-usb-a9260.cfg      parport_dlc5.cfg
chameleon.cfg            raspberrypi2-native.cfg
cmsis-dap.cfg            raspberrypi-native.cfg
dln-2-gpiod.cfg          rlink.cfg
dummy.cfg                rshim.cfg
estick.cfg               stlink.cfg
flashlink.cfg            stlink-dap.cfg
ft232r                   stlink-v1.cfg
ft232r.cfg               stlink-v2-1.cfg
ftdi                     stlink-v2.cfg
imx-native.cfg           sysfsgpio-raspberrypi.cfg
jlink.cfg                ti-icdi.cfg
jtag_dpi.cfg             ulink.cfg
jtag_hat_rpi2.cfg        usb-jtag.cfg
jtag_vpi.cfg             usbprog.cfg
kitprog.cfg              vsllink.cfg
nds32-aice.cfg           xds110.cfg

Wiring

Pi Zero pin numbering is for BCM2835 GPIOs

Pi Zero Target(USB-SAMD11C14-Serial board)
#18 Reset
GND GND
#24 SWDIO
#25 SWCLK

SWDPinoutPi2

USBD11CSerial-burning-bootloader

Ref. adafruit.com | Programming Microcontrollers using OpenOCD on a Raspberry Pi

Create OpenOCD config

On Rpi Zero, make bootloader directory and download bootloader binary file. 

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$ cd ~
$ mkdir bootloader
$ cd bootloader

Then download sam_ba_Generic_D11C14A_SAMD11C14A.bin bootloader to bootloader directory.

Create config at bootloader directory:

openocd.cfg

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source [find interface/raspberrypi2-native.cfg]
transport select swd

set CHIPNAME at91samd11d14a
source [find target/at91samdXX.cfg]

# did not yet manage to make a working setup using srst
#reset_config srst_only
reset_config  srst_nogate

adapter_nsrst_delay 100
adapter_nsrst_assert_width 100

bcm2835gpio_swd_nums 25 24
bcm2835gpio_trst_num 7
bcm2835gpio_srst_num 18

init
targets
reset halt

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$ sudo openocd
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.11.0+dev-00502-gf66a16c4a (2021-11-27-00:00)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
    http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
DEPRECATED! use 'adapter srst delay' not 'adapter_nsrst_delay'
DEPRECATED! use 'adapter srst pulse_width' not 'adapter_nsrst_assert_width'
DEPRECATED! use 'bcm2835gpio swd_nums' not 'bcm2835gpio_swd_nums'
DEPRECATED! use 'bcm2835gpio trst_num' not 'bcm2835gpio_trst_num'
DEPRECATED! use 'bcm2835gpio srst_num' not 'bcm2835gpio_srst_num'
Info : BCM2835 GPIO JTAG/SWD bitbang driver
Info : clock speed 400 kHz
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x0bc11477
Info : at91samd21g18.cpu: Cortex-M0+ r0p1 processor detected
Info : at91samd21g18.cpu: target has 4 breakpoints, 2 watchpoints
Info : at91samd21g18.cpu: external reset detected
Info : starting gdb server for at91samd21g18.cpu on 3333
Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread 
xPSR: 0xf1000000 pc: 0xfffffffe msp: 0xfffffffc
Info : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connections
Info : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connections

If this works, shutdown the process by Ctrl+C. Then append below to openocd.cfg

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source [find interface/raspberrypi2-native.cfg]
transport select swd

set CHIPNAME at91samd11d14a
source [find target/at91samdXX.cfg]

# did not yet manage to make a working setup using srst
# reset_config srst_only
reset_config  srst_nogate

adapter srst delay 100
adapter srst pulse_width 100

bcm2835gpio_swd_nums 25 24
bcm2835gpio_trst_num 7
bcm2835gpio_srst_num 18

init
targets
reset halt

at91samd bootloader 0
program sam_ba_Generic_D11C14A_SAMD11C14A.bin verify
at91samd bootloader 4096
reset
shutdown

This will init, look for targets, reset and halt the chip, turn off bootloader protection, burn in the bootloader file and verify it, re-turn-on bootloader protection, reset and shutdown openocd

Then save the file and run openocd

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$ sudo openocd
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.11.0+dev-00502-gf66a16c4a (2021-11-27-00:00)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
    http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
DEPRECATED! use 'adapter srst delay' not 'adapter_nsrst_delay'
DEPRECATED! use 'adapter srst pulse_width' not 'adapter_nsrst_assert_width'
DEPRECATED! use 'bcm2835gpio swd_nums' not 'bcm2835gpio_swd_nums'
DEPRECATED! use 'bcm2835gpio trst_num' not 'bcm2835gpio_trst_num'
DEPRECATED! use 'bcm2835gpio srst_num' not 'bcm2835gpio_srst_num'
Info : BCM2835 GPIO JTAG/SWD bitbang driver
Info : clock speed 400 kHz
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x0bc11477
Info : at91samd11d14a.cpu: Cortex-M0+ r0p1 processor detected
Info : at91samd11d14a.cpu: target has 4 breakpoints, 2 watchpoints
Info : at91samd11d14a.cpu: external reset detected
Info : starting gdb server for at91samd11d14a.cpu on 3333
Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread 
xPSR: 0xf1000000 pc: 0xfffffffe msp: 0xfffffffc
target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread 
xPSR: 0xf1000000 pc: 0xfffffffe msp: 0xfffffffc
** Programming Started **
Info : SAMD MCU: SAMD11C14A (16KB Flash, 4KB RAM)
Error: SAMD: NVM programming error
Error: Failed to erase row containing 00000100
Error: SAMD: failed to erase sector 1 at 0x00000100
Error: failed erasing sectors 0 to 15
embedded:startup.tcl:1070: Error: ** Programming Failed **
in procedure 'script' 
at file "embedded:startup.tcl", line 26
in procedure 'program' called at file "openocd.cfg", line 23
in procedure 'program_error' called at file "embedded:startup.tcl", line 1135
at file "embedded:startup.tcl", line 1070
Info : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connections
Info : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connections

It failed by Error: SAMD: NVM programming error.

Tweaking openocd.cfg as bellow, it seems to work.

openocd.cfg

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source [find interface/raspberrypi2-native.cfg]
transport select swd

set CHIPNAME at91samd11d14a
source [find target/at91samdXX.cfg]

# did not yet manage to make a working setup using srst
reset_config srst_only
# reset_config  srst_nogate

adapter srst delay 200
adapter srst pulse_width 100

bcm2835gpio swd_nums 25 24
bcm2835gpio trst_num 7
bcm2835gpio srst_num 18

init
targets
reset halt

at91samd bootloader 0
program sam_ba_Generic_D11C14A_SAMD11C14A.bin verify
at91samd bootloader 4096
reset
shutdown

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$  sudo openocd 
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.11.0+dev-00502-gf66a16c4a (2021-11-27-00:00)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
    http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
Info : BCM2835 GPIO JTAG/SWD bitbang driver
Info : clock speed 400 kHz
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x0bc11477
Info : at91samd11d14a.cpu: Cortex-M0+ r0p1 processor detected
Info : at91samd11d14a.cpu: target has 4 breakpoints, 2 watchpoints
Info : at91samd11d14a.cpu: external reset detected
Info : starting gdb server for at91samd11d14a.cpu on 3333
Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x0bc11477
target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread 
xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0x0000059c msp: 0x20000fd4
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x0bc11477
target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread 
xPSR: 0x61000000 pc: 0x00000642 msp: 0x20000fd4
** Programming Started **
Info : SAMD MCU: SAMD11C14A (16KB Flash, 4KB RAM)
** Programming Finished **
** Verify Started **
** Verified OK **
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x0bc11477
shutdown command invoked
Info : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connections
Info : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connections

After plugging off SWD pins in target board of SAMD11C14 disconnecting from raspberry pi, the board is recognized as USB device from host computer (Mac)

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$ ls /dev | grep usb
cu.usbmodem2101
tty.usbmodem2101

Following Queintin’s document

Setup ArduinoSMD Core to Arduino IDE

See arduinocore_samd

Upload program to SAMD11C14A for bridging serial communication

D11C-serial_IDE_BoardSetting

Make sure:

  • Board: Generic D11C14A
  • Serial Config: ONE_UART_ONE_WIRE_NO_SPI
  • Bootloader Size: 4KB_BOOTLOAARDER
  • Port: Your port number (with “MattairTech Xeno Mini”)

I tweaked source code in class page as my board has only one UART/UPDI serial config.

d11c_serial.ino

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void setup() {
   SerialUSB.begin(0);
   Serial.begin(115200, SERIAL_8E2);
}

void loop() {
   if (SerialUSB.available()) {
      Serial.write((char) SerialUSB.read());
   }
   if (Serial.available()) {
      SerialUSB.write((char) Serial.read());
   }
}

Then “upload” the sketch from Arduino IDE

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/Users/tato/Documents/Arduino/d11c_serial/d11c_serial.ino: In function 'void setup()':
/Users/tato/Documents/Arduino/d11c_serial/d11c_serial.ino:3:35: warning: large integer implicitly truncated to unsigned type [-Woverflow]
    Serial.begin(115200, SERIAL_8E2);
                                   ^
Sketch uses 9448 bytes (76%) of program storage space. Maximum is 12288 bytes.
Atmel SMART device 0x10030006 found
Device       : ATSAMD11C14A
Chip ID      : 10030006
Version      : v2.0 Nov 22 2017 12:56:25
Address      : 4096
Pages        : 192
Page Size    : 64 bytes
Total Size   : 12KB
Planes       : 1
Lock Regions : 16
Locked       : none
Security     : false
Boot Flash   : true
BOD          : true
BOR          : true
Erase flash
done in 0.611 seconds

Write 9800 bytes to flash (154 pages)
[==============================] 100% (154/154 pages)
done in 5.732 seconds

Verify 9800 bytes of flash
[==============================] 100% (154/154 pages)
Verify successful
done in 0.392 seconds
CPU reset.

Serial_outcome

This looks work(?)

NO. It looks SerialUSB and Serial has the same channel, so this program works as echo program :sweat_smile: (that is not intended)

I roll backed the source code to the one in class page using Serial2 and changed the board settings.

d11c_serial2.ino

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void setup() {
   SerialUSB.begin(0);
   Serial2.begin(115200, SERIAL_8E2);
}

void loop() {
   if (SerialUSB.available()) {
      Serial2.write((char) SerialUSB.read());
   }
   if (Serial2.available()) {
      SerialUSB.write((char) Serial2.read());
   }
}

D11C-serial_IDE_BoardSetting

Changed:

  • Serial Config: TWO_UART_ONE_WIRE_NO_SPI

This soruce code and board settings worked for compiling and uploading. However, the serial bridging application seems not work - I could not confirm message received by serial connector from the target board (Attiny3216) on Serial monitor in Arduino IDE.

D11C-Serial_connection

Though I tried to bridge resisters of 1.6KΩ to R3: 4.9KΩ in parallel for lowering the resister to 1.2KΩ based on mattermost instructors’ discussion, it did not work for my case.

i.e. Calculation for parallel ciurcuit with resisters

Total resister (1.2kΩ) = 1/((1/4.9kΩ)+1/ x Ω) x = 1.589Ω ≒ 1.6Ω

I have 1.5KΩ and 120Ω resisters, so, I amended the circuit like this.

How ever, the outcome was the same and I could not confirm Serial communication with this as an USB-Serial bridging device.

TO BE CONTINUED (as of 27 Nov. 2021)

Write program using D11C14 as a UPDI programmer

As the serial communication does not work as above, programming over serial port and 4.7k (pyupdi style) did not work (any cases in pyupdi, pymcuprog or uploading by Ardino megaTinyCore board manager)

In any tools, the error message says like: 

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pymcuprog.pymcuprog_errors.PymcuprogError: UPDI initialisation failed
pymcuprog.pymcuprog_errors.PymcuprogError: UPDI initialisation failed

Try to vevert openocd version v0.11.0 to v0.10.0

For recovering above error, try to revert openocd. 

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$ cd ~/openocd
$ git checkout -b tag_v0.10.0 refs/tags/v0.10.0
$ git branch -a
  master
* tag_v0.10.0
  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  remotes/origin/master
  remotes/origin/v0.6.1

Then rebuild openocd again

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$ ./bootstrap
$ ./configure --enable-sysfsgpio --enable-bcm2835gpio
$ make

However, make failed by following error. 

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...
libtool: compile:  gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I./src -I./src -I./src/helper -DPKGDATADIR=\"/usr/local/share/openocd\" -DBINDIR=\"/usr/local/bin\" -I./jimtcl -I./jimtcl -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wformat-security -Wshadow -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wbad-function-cast -Wcast-align -Wredundant-decls -Werror -g -O2 -MT src/svf/svf.lo -MD -MP -MF src/svf/.deps/svf.Tpo -c src/svf/svf.c -o src/svf/svf.o
src/svf/svf.c: In function ‘svf_read_command_from_file’:
src/svf/svf.c:663:7: error: this statement may fall through [-Werror=implicit-fallthrough=]
     i = -1;
     ~~^~~~
src/svf/svf.c:664:4: note: here
    case '\r':
    ^~~~
src/svf/svf.c:667:8: error: this statement may fall through [-Werror=implicit-fallthrough=]
     if (!cmd_pos)
        ^
src/svf/svf.c:669:4: note: here
    default:
    ^~~~~~~
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
make[2]: *** [Makefile:3022: src/svf/svf.lo] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/openocd'
make[1]: *** [Makefile:3897: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/openocd'
make: *** [Makefile:1821: all] Error 2

At openocd forum, above (svf related error) is reported as a bug for openocd v.0.10.0. openocd-devel@lists.sourceforge.net. It suggested "--disable-werror" when run configure.. By doing that, make completed without error. 

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$ ./configure --enable-sysfsgpio --enable-bcm2835gpi --disable-werror
$ make
$ sudo make install

The command is completed. However, on running openocd it returns follows. 

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$ cd ../bootloader
$ sudo openocd
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.10.0-dirty (2021-11-30-00:10)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
    http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
Error: The specified debug interface was not found (bcm2835gpio)
The following debug interfaces are available:
1: ftdi
2: usb_blaster
3: jlink
4: vsllink
5: ulink
6: hla
7: osbdm
8: opendous
9: sysfsgpio
10: aice

Error: Debug Adapter has to be specified, see "interface" command

To Be Contineud…

References

Last update: November 29, 2021